SharePoint 2013 Prerequisites Install Error

While installing SharePoint 2013 prerequisites on Windows Server 2012 and SQL Server 2012, I have received the error “There was an error installing the prerequisites…” After checking out the logs (under %TEMP%\prerequisiteinstaller.<date>.<time>.log), you quickly learn that prerequisite install failed because of Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 SP1 Native Client.

To bypass this problem, you can manually download Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 SP1 Native Client from http://download.microsoft.com/download/9/1/3/9138773A-505D-43E2-AC08-9A77E1E0490B/1033/x64/sqlncli.msi and install it. After you manually download Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 SP1 Native Client, go ahead and restart SharePoint 2013 prerequisite installer. Now SharePoint 2013 prerequisites should install successfully.

List All SharePoint 2013 PowerShell Commands

The preview has been released and with it comes many new features and capabilities. Microsoft continues to invest in PowerShell, as noted through their recent previews of Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012. SharePoint 2013 makes no exception. The preview includes 772 commands!

Get Count
(Get-Command -PSSnapin Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell).count

List All Commands
Get-Command –PSSnapin “Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell” | select name, definition | fl > C:\SP2013_PowerShell_Commands.txt

Full List
Here are all the commands in the preview. I will highlight some of these individually over the coming weeks.

Add-SPAppDeniedEndpoint Add-SPClaimTypeMapping Add-SPDiagnosticsPerformanceCounter Add-SPDistributedCacheServiceInstanceOnLocalServer Add-SPEduClassMember Add-SPEduUser Add-SPInfoPathUserAgent Add-SPPluggableSecurityTrimmer Add-SPProfileLeader Add-SPProfileSyncConnection Add-SPRoutingMachineInfo Add-SPRoutingMachinePool Add-SPRoutingRule Add-SPScaleOutDatabase Add-SPServerScaleOutDatabase Add-SPServiceApplicationProxyGroupMember Add-SPShellAdmin Add-SPSiteSubscriptionFeaturePackMember Add-SPSiteSubscriptionProfileConfig Add-SPSocialAppPermissions Add-SPSolution Add-SPThrottlingRule Add-SPUserLicenseMapping Add-SPUserSolution Backup-SPConfigurationDatabase                                                 Backup-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationIndex                               Backup-SPFarm                                                                  Backup-SPSite                                                                  Clear-SPAppDeniedEndpoints Clear-SPBusinessDataCatalogEntityNotificationWeb Clear-SPDistributedCacheItem Clear-SPLogLevel Clear-SPMetadataWebServicePartitionData Clear-SPPerformancePointServiceApplicationTrustedLocation Clear-SPScaleOutDatabaseDeletedDataSubRange Clear-SPScaleOutDatabaseLog Clear-SPScaleOutDatabaseTenantData Clear-SPSecureStoreCredentialMapping Clear-SPSecureStoreDefaultProvider Clear-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseDeletedDataSubRange Clear-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseLog Clear-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseTenantData Clear-SPSiteSubscriptionBusinessDataCatalogConfig Connect-SPConfigurationDatabase Convert-SPWebApplication Copy-LocalActivitiesToWorkflowService Copy-SPAccessServicesDatabase Copy-SPBusinessDataCatalogAclToChildren Copy-SPSite Disable-SPAppAutoProvision Disable-SPBusinessDataCatalogEntity Disable-SPFeature Disable-SPHealthAnalysisRule Disable-SPInfoPathFormTemplate Disable-SPSessionStateService Disable-SPSingleSignOn Disable-SPTimerJob Disable-SPUserLicensing Disable-SPWebApplicationHttpThrottling Disconnect-SPConfigurationDatabase Dismount-SPContentDatabase                                                     Dismount-SPStateServiceDatabase                                                Enable-SPAppAutoProvision Enable-SPBusinessDataCatalogEntity Enable-SPFeature Enable-SPHealthAnalysisRule Enable-SPInfoPathFormTemplate Enable-SPSessionStateService Enable-SPTimerJob Enable-SPUserLicensing Enable-SPWebApplicationHttpThrottling Export-SPAppPackage Export-SPBusinessDataCatalogModel Export-SPEnterpriseSearchTopology Export-SPInfoPathAdministrationFiles Export-SPMetadataWebServicePartitionData Export-SPPerformancePointContent Export-SPScaleOutDatabaseTenantData Export-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseTenantData Export-SPSiteSubscriptionBusinessDataCatalogConfig Export-SPSiteSubscriptionSettings Export-SPWeb Get-SPAccessServiceApplication Get-SPAccessServicesApplication Get-SPAccessServicesDatabase Get-SPAccessServicesDatabaseServer Get-SPAccessServicesDatabaseServerGroup Get-SPAccessServicesDatabaseServerGroupMapping Get-SPAlternateURL Get-SPAppAcquisitionSettings Get-SPAppAutoProvisionConnection Get-SPAppDeniedEndpoints Get-SPAppDisableSettings Get-SPAppDomain Get-SPAppHostingQuotas Get-SPAppInstance Get-SPAppMarketplaceSettings Get-SPAppPrincipal Get-SPAppScaleProfile Get-SPAppSiteSubscriptionName Get-SPAppStateSyncLastRunTime Get-SPAppStateUpdateInterval Get-SPAuthenticationProvider Get-SPAuthenticationRealm Get-SPBackupHistory Get-SPBingMapsBlockInAllLocales Get-SPBingMapsKey Get-SPBrowserCustomerExperienceImprovementProgram Get-SPBusinessDataCatalogEntityNotificationWeb Get-SPBusinessDataCatalogMetadataObject Get-SPBusinessDataCatalogThrottleConfig Get-SPCertificateAuthority Get-SPClaimProvider Get-SPClaimProviderManager Get-SPClaimTypeEncoding Get-SPContentDatabase Get-SPContentDeploymentJob Get-SPContentDeploymentPath Get-SPCustomLayoutsPage Get-SPDatabase Get-SPDataConnectionFile Get-SPDataConnectionFileDependent Get-SPDeletedSite Get-SPDesignerSettings Get-SPDiagnosticConfig Get-SPDiagnosticsPerformanceCounter Get-SPDiagnosticsProvider Get-SPDistributedCacheClientSetting Get-SPEduServiceSetting Get-SPEnterpriseSearchAdministrationComponent Get-SPEnterpriseSearchComponent Get-SPEnterpriseSearchContentEnrichmentConfiguration Get-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlContentSource Get-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlCustomConnector Get-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlDatabase Get-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlExtension Get-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlLogReadPermission Get-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlMapping Get-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlRule Get-SPEnterpriseSearchFileFormat Get-SPEnterpriseSearchHostController Get-SPEnterpriseSearchLanguageResourcePhrase Get-SPEnterpriseSearchLinguisticComponentsStatus Get-SPEnterpriseSearchLinksDatabase Get-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataCategory Get-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataCrawledProperty Get-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataManagedProperty Get-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataMapping Get-SPEnterpriseSearchOwner Get-SPEnterpriseSearchPropertyRule Get-SPEnterpriseSearchPropertyRuleCollection Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAndSiteSettingsService Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAndSiteSettingsServiceInstance Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAndSiteSettingsServiceProxy Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAuthority Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryDemoted Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryKeyword Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryScope Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryScopeRule Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQuerySpellingCorrection Get-SPEnterpriseSearchQuerySuggestionCandidates Get-SPEnterpriseSearchRankingModel Get-SPEnterpriseSearchResultItemType Get-SPEnterpriseSearchSecurityTrimmer Get-SPEnterpriseSearchService Get-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplication Get-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationBackupStore Get-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationProxy Get-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceInstance Get-SPEnterpriseSearchSiteHitRule Get-SPEnterpriseSearchStatus Get-SPEnterpriseSearchTopology Get-SPEnterpriseSearchVssDataPath Get-SPExcelBIServer Get-SPExcelBlockedFileType Get-SPExcelDataConnectionLibrary Get-SPExcelDataProvider Get-SPExcelFileLocation Get-SPExcelServiceApplication Get-SPExcelUserDefinedFunction Get-SPFarm Get-SPFarmConfig Get-SPFeature Get-SPHealthAnalysisRule Get-SPHelpCollection Get-SPInfoPathFormsService Get-SPInfoPathFormTemplate Get-SPInfoPathUserAgent Get-SPInfoPathWebServiceProxy Get-SPInternalAppStateSyncLastRunTime Get-SPInternalAppStateUpdateInterval Get-SPIRMSettings Get-SPLogEvent Get-SPLogLevel Get-SPManagedAccount Get-SPManagedPath Get-SPMetadataServiceApplication Get-SPMetadataServiceApplicationProxy Get-SPMobileMessagingAccount Get-SPODataConnectionSetting Get-SPODataConnectionSettingMetadata Get-SPOfficeStoreAppsDefaultActivation Get-SPPendingUpgradeActions Get-SPPerformancePointServiceApplication Get-SPPerformancePointServiceApplicationTrustedLocation Get-SPPluggableSecurityTrimmer Get-SPProcessAccount Get-SPProduct Get-SPProfileLeader Get-SPProfileServiceApplicationSecurity Get-SPRequestManagementSettings Get-SPRoutingMachineInfo Get-SPRoutingMachinePool Get-SPRoutingRule Get-SPScaleOutDatabase Get-SPScaleOutDatabaseDataState Get-SPScaleOutDatabaseInconsistency Get-SPScaleOutDatabaseLogEntry Get-SPSecureStoreApplication Get-SPSecureStoreSystemAccounts Get-SPSecurityTokenServiceConfig Get-SPServer Get-SPServerScaleOutDatabase Get-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseDataState Get-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseInconsistency Get-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseLogEntry Get-SPServiceApplication Get-SPServiceApplicationEndpoint Get-SPServiceApplicationPool Get-SPServiceApplicationProxy Get-SPServiceApplicationProxyGroup Get-SPServiceApplicationSecurity Get-SPServiceContext Get-SPServiceHostConfig Get-SPServiceInstance Get-SPSessionStateService Get-SPShellAdmin Get-SPSite Get-SPSiteAdministration Get-SPSiteSubscription Get-SPSiteSubscriptionConfig Get-SPSiteSubscriptionEdiscoveryHub Get-SPSiteSubscriptionEdiscoverySearchScope Get-SPSiteSubscriptionFeaturePack Get-SPSiteSubscriptionIRMConfig Get-SPSiteSubscriptionMetadataConfig Get-SPSiteUpgradeSessionInfo Get-SPSiteURL Get-SPSolution Get-SPStateServiceApplication Get-SPStateServiceApplicationProxy Get-SPStateServiceDatabase Get-SPTaxonomySession Get-SPThrottlingRule Get-SPTimerJob Get-SPTopologyServiceApplication Get-SPTopologyServiceApplicationProxy Get-SPTrustedIdentityTokenIssuer Get-SPTrustedRootAuthority Get-SPTrustedSecurityTokenIssuer Get-SPTrustedSecurityTokenService Get-SPTrustedServiceTokenIssuer Get-SPUpgradeActions Get-SPUsageApplication Get-SPUsageDefinition Get-SPUsageService Get-SPUser Get-SPUserLicense Get-SPUserLicenseMapping Get-SPUserLicensing Get-SPUserSettingsProvider Get-SPUserSettingsProviderManager Get-SPUserSolution Get-SPVisioExternalData Get-SPVisioPerformance Get-SPVisioSafeDataProvider Get-SPVisioServiceApplication Get-SPVisioServiceApplicationProxy Get-SPWeb Get-SPWebApplication Get-SPWebApplicationHttpThrottlingMonitor Get-SPWebPartPack Get-SPWebTemplate Get-SPWOPIBinding Get-SPWOPISuppressionSetting Get-SPWOPIZone Get-SPWorkflowConfig Get-TranslationThrottlingSettings Get-WorkflowServiceApplicationProxy Grant-SPBusinessDataCatalogMetadataObject                                      Grant-SPObjectSecurity                                                         Import-SPAppPackage Import-SPBusinessDataCatalogDotNetAssembly Import-SPBusinessDataCatalogModel Import-SPEnterpriseSearchCustomExtractionDictionary Import-SPEnterpriseSearchPopularQueries Import-SPEnterpriseSearchThesaurus Import-SPEnterpriseSearchTopology Import-SPInfoPathAdministrationFiles Import-SPMetadataWebServicePartitionData Import-SPPerformancePointContent Import-SPScaleOutDatabaseTenantData Import-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseTenantData Import-SPSiteSubscriptionBusinessDataCatalogConfig Import-SPSiteSubscriptionSettings Import-SPWeb Initialize-SPResourceSecurity                                                  Initialize-SPStateServiceDatabase                                              Install-SPApp                                                                  Install-SPApplicationContent                                                   Install-SPDataConnectionFile                                                   Install-SPEduSites                                                             Install-SPFeature                                                              Install-SPHelpCollection                                                       Install-SPInfoPathFormTemplate                                                 Install-SPService                                                              Install-SPSolution                                                             Install-SPUserSolution                                                         Install-SPWebPartPack                                                          Merge-SPLogFile                                                                Mount-SPContentDatabase                                                        Mount-SPStateServiceDatabase                                                   Move-SPBlobStorageLocation Move-SPDeletedSite Move-SPProfileManagedMetadataProperty Move-SPSite Move-SPSocialComments Move-SPUser New-SPAccessServiceApplication New-SPAccessServicesApplication New-SPAccessServicesApplicationProxy New-SPAccessServicesDatabaseServer New-SPAlternateURL New-SPAppManagementServiceApplication New-SPAppManagementServiceApplicationProxy New-SPAuthenticationProvider New-SPAzureAccessControlServiceApplicationProxy New-SPBECWebServiceApplicationProxy New-SPBusinessDataCatalogServiceApplication New-SPBusinessDataCatalogServiceApplicationProxy New-SPCentralAdministration New-SPClaimProvider New-SPClaimsPrincipal New-SPClaimTypeEncoding New-SPClaimTypeMapping New-SPConfigurationDatabase New-SPContentDatabase New-SPContentDeploymentJob New-SPContentDeploymentPath New-SPEduClass New-SPEnterpriseSearchAdminComponent New-SPEnterpriseSearchAnalyticsProcessingComponent New-SPEnterpriseSearchContentEnrichmentConfiguration New-SPEnterpriseSearchContentProcessingComponent New-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlComponent New-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlContentSource New-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlCustomConnector New-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlDatabase New-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlExtension New-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlMapping New-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlRule New-SPEnterpriseSearchFileFormat New-SPEnterpriseSearchIndexComponent New-SPEnterpriseSearchLanguageResourcePhrase New-SPEnterpriseSearchLinksDatabase New-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataCategory New-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataCrawledProperty New-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataManagedProperty New-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataMapping New-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAuthority New-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryDemoted New-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryKeyword New-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryProcessingComponent New-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryScope New-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryScopeRule New-SPEnterpriseSearchRankingModel New-SPEnterpriseSearchResultItemType New-SPEnterpriseSearchSecurityTrimmer New-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplication New-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationProxy New-SPEnterpriseSearchSiteHitRule New-SPEnterpriseSearchTopology New-SPExcelBIServer New-SPExcelBlockedFileType New-SPExcelDataConnectionLibrary New-SPExcelDataProvider New-SPExcelFileLocation New-SPExcelServiceApplication New-SPExcelUserDefinedFunction New-SPLogFile New-SPManagedAccount New-SPManagedPath New-SPMarketplaceWebServiceApplicationProxy New-SPMetadataServiceApplication New-SPMetadataServiceApplicationProxy New-SPODataConnectionSetting New-SPPerformancePointServiceApplication New-SPPerformancePointServiceApplicationProxy New-SPPerformancePointServiceApplicationTrustedLocation New-SPPowerPointConversionServiceApplication New-SPPowerPointConversionServiceApplicationProxy New-SPProfileServiceApplication New-SPProfileServiceApplicationProxy New-SPRequestManagementRuleCriteria New-SPSecureStoreApplication New-SPSecureStoreApplicationField New-SPSecureStoreServiceApplication New-SPSecureStoreServiceApplicationProxy New-SPSecureStoreTargetApplication New-SPServiceApplicationPool New-SPServiceApplicationProxyGroup New-SPSite New-SPSiteSubscription New-SPSiteSubscriptionFeaturePack New-SPStateServiceApplication New-SPStateServiceApplicationProxy New-SPStateServiceDatabase New-SPSubscriptionSettingsServiceApplication New-SPSubscriptionSettingsServiceApplicationProxy New-SPTranslationServiceApplication New-SPTranslationServiceApplicationProxy New-SPTrustedIdentityTokenIssuer New-SPTrustedRootAuthority New-SPTrustedSecurityTokenIssuer New-SPTrustedSecurityTokenService New-SPTrustedServiceTokenIssuer New-SPUsageApplication New-SPUsageLogFile New-SPUser New-SPUserLicenseMapping New-SPUserSettingsProvider New-SPVisioSafeDataProvider New-SPVisioServiceApplication New-SPVisioServiceApplicationProxy New-SPWeb New-SPWebApplication New-SPWebApplicationExtension New-SPWOPIBinding New-SPWOPISuppressionSetting New-SPWordConversionServiceApplication New-SPWorkManagementServiceApplication New-SPWorkManagementServiceApplicationProxy New-WorkflowServiceApplicationProxy Publish-SPServiceApplication                                                   Receive-SPServiceApplicationConnectionInfo Register-SPAppPrincipal Register-SPWorkflowService Remove-SPAccessServicesDatabaseServer Remove-SPActivityFeedItems Remove-SPAlternateURL Remove-SPAppDeniedEndpoint Remove-SPAppPrincipalPermission Remove-SPBusinessDataCatalogModel Remove-SPClaimProvider Remove-SPClaimTypeMapping Remove-SPConfigurationDatabase Remove-SPContentDatabase Remove-SPContentDeploymentJob Remove-SPContentDeploymentPath Remove-SPDeletedSite Remove-SPDiagnosticsPerformanceCounter Remove-SPDistributedCacheServiceInstanceOnLocalServer Remove-SPEduClassMember Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchComponent Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchContentEnrichmentConfiguration Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlContentSource Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlCustomConnector Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlDatabase Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlExtension Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlLogReadPermission Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlMapping Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlRule Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchFileFormat Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchLanguageResourcePhrase Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchLinksDatabase Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataCategory Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataManagedProperty Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataMapping Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAuthority Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryDemoted Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryKeyword Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryScope Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryScopeRule Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchRankingModel Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchResultItemType Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchSecurityTrimmer Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplication Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationProxy Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationSiteSettings Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchSiteHitRule Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchTenantConfiguration Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchTenantSchema Remove-SPEnterpriseSearchTopology Remove-SPExcelBIServer Remove-SPExcelBlockedFileType Remove-SPExcelDataConnectionLibrary Remove-SPExcelDataProvider Remove-SPExcelFileLocation Remove-SPExcelUserDefinedFunction Remove-SPInfoPathUserAgent Remove-SPManagedAccount Remove-SPManagedPath Remove-SPODataConnectionSetting Remove-SPPerformancePointServiceApplication Remove-SPPerformancePointServiceApplicationProxy Remove-SPPerformancePointServiceApplicationTrustedLocation Remove-SPPluggableSecurityTrimmer Remove-SPProfileLeader Remove-SPProfileSyncConnection Remove-SPRoutingMachineInfo Remove-SPRoutingMachinePool Remove-SPRoutingRule Remove-SPScaleOutDatabase Remove-SPSecureStoreApplication Remove-SPServerScaleOutDatabase Remove-SPServiceApplication Remove-SPServiceApplicationPool Remove-SPServiceApplicationProxy Remove-SPServiceApplicationProxyGroup Remove-SPServiceApplicationProxyGroupMember Remove-SPShellAdmin Remove-SPSite Remove-SPSiteSubscription Remove-SPSiteSubscriptionBusinessDataCatalogConfig Remove-SPSiteSubscriptionFeaturePack Remove-SPSiteSubscriptionFeaturePackMember Remove-SPSiteSubscriptionMetadataConfig Remove-SPSiteSubscriptionProfileConfig Remove-SPSiteSubscriptionSettings Remove-SPSiteUpgradeSessionInfo Remove-SPSiteURL Remove-SPSocialAppPermissions Remove-SPSocialItemByDate Remove-SPSolution Remove-SPSolutionDeploymentLock Remove-SPStateServiceDatabase Remove-SPThrottlingRule Remove-SPTranslationServiceJobHistory Remove-SPTrustedIdentityTokenIssuer Remove-SPTrustedRootAuthority Remove-SPTrustedSecurityTokenIssuer Remove-SPTrustedSecurityTokenService Remove-SPTrustedServiceTokenIssuer Remove-SPUsageApplication Remove-SPUser Remove-SPUserLicenseMapping Remove-SPUserSettingsProvider Remove-SPUserSolution Remove-SPVisioSafeDataProvider Remove-SPWeb Remove-SPWebApplication Remove-SPWOPIBinding Remove-SPWOPISuppressionSetting Remove-SPWordConversionServiceJobHistory Rename-SPServer Repair-SPManagedAccountDeployment                                              Repair-SPSite                                                                  Repartition-SPEnterpriseSearchLinksDatabases                                   Request-SPUpgradeEvaluationSite                                                Reset-SPAccessServicesDatabasePassword Restart-SPAppInstanceJobs Restore-SPDeletedSite Restore-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplication Restore-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationIndex Restore-SPFarm Restore-SPSite Resume-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplication Resume-SPStateServiceDatabase Revoke-SPBusinessDataCatalogMetadataObject                                     Revoke-SPObjectSecurity                                                        Set-SPAccessServiceApplication Set-SPAccessServicesApplication Set-SPAccessServicesDatabaseServer Set-SPAccessServicesDatabaseServerGroupMapping Set-SPAlternateURL Set-SPAppAcquisitionSettings Set-SPAppAutoProvisionConnection Set-SPAppDisableSettings Set-SPAppDomain Set-SPAppHostingQuotas Set-SPAppManagementDeploymentId Set-SPAppMarketplaceSettings Set-SPAppPrincipalPermission Set-SPAppScaleProfile Set-SPAppSiteSubscriptionName Set-SPAppStateUpdateInterval Set-SPAuthenticationRealm Set-SPBingMapsBlockInAllLocales Set-SPBingMapsKey Set-SPBrowserCustomerExperienceImprovementProgram Set-SPBusinessDataCatalogEntityNotificationWeb Set-SPBusinessDataCatalogMetadataObject Set-SPBusinessDataCatalogServiceApplication Set-SPBusinessDataCatalogThrottleConfig Set-SPCentralAdministration Set-SPClaimProvider Set-SPContentDatabase Set-SPContentDeploymentJob Set-SPContentDeploymentPath Set-SPCustomLayoutsPage Set-SPDataConnectionFile Set-SPDesignerSettings Set-SPDiagnosticConfig Set-SPDiagnosticsProvider Set-SPDistributedCacheClientSetting Set-SPEduServiceSetting Set-SPEnterpriseSearchAdministrationComponent Set-SPEnterpriseSearchContentEnrichmentConfiguration Set-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlContentSource Set-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlDatabase Set-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlLogReadPermission Set-SPEnterpriseSearchCrawlRule Set-SPEnterpriseSearchLinguisticComponentsStatus Set-SPEnterpriseSearchLinksDatabase Set-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataCategory Set-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataCrawledProperty Set-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataManagedProperty Set-SPEnterpriseSearchMetadataMapping Set-SPEnterpriseSearchPrimaryHostController Set-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAuthority Set-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryKeyword Set-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryScope Set-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryScopeRule Set-SPEnterpriseSearchQuerySpellingCorrection Set-SPEnterpriseSearchRankingModel Set-SPEnterpriseSearchResultItemType Set-SPEnterpriseSearchService Set-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplication Set-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationProxy Set-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceInstance Set-SPEnterpriseSearchTopology Set-SPExcelBIServer Set-SPExcelDataConnectionLibrary Set-SPExcelDataProvider Set-SPExcelFileLocation Set-SPExcelServiceApplication Set-SPExcelUserDefinedFunction Set-SPFarmConfig Set-SPInfoPathFormsService Set-SPInfoPathFormTemplate Set-SPInfoPathWebServiceProxy Set-SPInternalAppStateUpdateInterval Set-SPIRMSettings Set-SPLogLevel Set-SPManagedAccount Set-SPMetadataServiceApplication Set-SPMetadataServiceApplicationProxy Set-SPMobileMessagingAccount Set-SPODataConnectionSetting Set-SPODataConnectionSettingMetadata Set-SPOfficeStoreAppsDefaultActivation Set-SPPassPhrase Set-SPPerformancePointSecureDataValues Set-SPPerformancePointServiceApplication Set-SPPowerPointConversionServiceApplication Set-SPProfileServiceApplication Set-SPProfileServiceApplicationProxy Set-SPProfileServiceApplicationSecurity Set-SPRequestManagementSettings Set-SPRoutingMachineInfo Set-SPRoutingMachinePool Set-SPRoutingRule Set-SPScaleOutDatabaseDataRange Set-SPScaleOutDatabaseDataSubRange Set-SPSecureStoreApplication Set-SPSecureStoreDefaultProvider Set-SPSecureStoreServiceApplication Set-SPSecureStoreSystemAccounts Set-SPSecurityTokenServiceConfig Set-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseDataRange Set-SPServerScaleOutDatabaseDataSubRange Set-SPServiceApplication Set-SPServiceApplicationEndpoint Set-SPServiceApplicationPool Set-SPServiceApplicationSecurity Set-SPServiceHostConfig Set-SPSessionStateService Set-SPSite Set-SPSiteAdministration Set-SPSiteSubscriptionConfig Set-SPSiteSubscriptionEdiscoveryHub Set-SPSiteSubscriptionIRMConfig Set-SPSiteSubscriptionMetadataConfig Set-SPSiteSubscriptionProfileConfig Set-SPSiteURL Set-SPStateServiceApplication Set-SPStateServiceApplicationProxy Set-SPStateServiceDatabase Set-SPSubscriptionSettingsServiceApplication Set-SPThrottlingRule Set-SPTimerJob Set-SPTopologyServiceApplication Set-SPTopologyServiceApplicationProxy Set-SPTranslationServiceApplication Set-SPTranslationServiceApplicationProxy Set-SPTrustedIdentityTokenIssuer Set-SPTrustedRootAuthority Set-SPTrustedSecurityTokenIssuer Set-SPTrustedSecurityTokenService Set-SPTrustedServiceTokenIssuer Set-SPUsageApplication Set-SPUsageDefinition Set-SPUsageService Set-SPUser Set-SPVisioExternalData Set-SPVisioPerformance Set-SPVisioSafeDataProvider Set-SPVisioServiceApplication Set-SPWeb Set-SPWebApplication Set-SPWebApplicationHttpThrottlingMonitor Set-SPWOPIBinding Set-SPWOPIZone Set-SPWordConversionServiceApplication Set-SPWorkflowConfig Set-SPWorkManagementServiceApplication Set-SPWorkManagementServiceApplicationProxy Set-TranslationThrottlingSettings Split-SPScaleOutDatabase Split-SPServerScaleOutDatabase Start-SPAdminJob Start-SPAssignment Start-SPContentDeploymentJob Start-SPDiagnosticsSession Start-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAndSiteSettingsServiceInstance Start-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceInstance Start-SPInfoPathFormTemplate Start-SPServiceInstance Start-SPTimerJob Stop-SPAssignment Stop-SPDiagnosticsSession Stop-SPDistributedCacheServiceInstanceGracefullyOnLocalServer Stop-SPEnterpriseSearchQueryAndSiteSettingsServiceInstance Stop-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceInstance Stop-SPInfoPathFormTemplate Stop-SPServiceInstance Suspend-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplication Suspend-SPStateServiceDatabase Test-SPContentDatabase Test-SPInfoPathFormTemplate Test-SPSite Uninstall-SPAppInstance                                                        Uninstall-SPDataConnectionFile                                                 Uninstall-SPFeature                                                            Uninstall-SPHelpCollection                                                     Uninstall-SPInfoPathFormTemplate                                               Uninstall-SPSolution                                                           Uninstall-SPUserSolution                                                       Uninstall-SPWebPartPack                                                        Unpublish-SPServiceApplication                                                 Update-SPAppCatalogSettings Update-SPAppInstance Update-SPFarmEncryptionKey Update-SPInfoPathAdminFileUrl Update-SPInfoPathFormTemplate Update-SPInfoPathUserFileUrl Update-SPProfilePhotoStore Update-SPRepopulateMicroblogFeedCache Update-SPRepopulateMicroblogLMTCache Update-SPSecureStoreApplicationServerKey Update-SPSecureStoreCredentialMapping Update-SPSecureStoreGroupCredentialMapping Update-SPSecureStoreMasterKey Update-SPSolution Update-SPUserSolution Update-SPWOPIProofKey Upgrade-SPContentDatabase                                                      Upgrade-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplication                                   Upgrade-SPEnterpriseSearchServiceApplicationSiteSettings                       Upgrade-SPFarm                                                                 Upgrade-SPSingleSignOnDatabase                                                 Upgrade-SPSite

SharePoint 2013 SP1 support in Windows Server 2012 R2

Before the release of Microsoft SharePoint Server 2013 Service Pack 1 (SP1), Microsoft did not support the installation of SharePoint Server 2013 in a Windows Server 2012 R2-based environment. However, with the release of SharePoint Server 2013 SP1, this configuration is supported in Windows Server 2012 R2. You can now download SharePoint Server 2013 SP1 from the Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN), the Volume Licensing Service Center (VLSC), and the Microsoft Partner Network (MPN).

Note You should avoid creating your own slipstream versions because of a change in the package layout that was introduced with the March 2013 product update.

This Article Applies to

• Microsoft SharePoint Foundation 2013
• Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter
• Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials
• Windows Server 2012 R2 Foundation
• Windows Server 2012 R2 Preview
• Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard

Keywords:
KB2891274

Ref : Support Microsoft

Windows Server 2012 and R2 (Overview)

Overview for Windows Server 2012, codenamed “Windows Server 8”, is the sixth release of Windows Server. It is the server version of Windows 8 and succeeds Windows Server 2008 R2. Two pre-release versions, a developer preview and a beta version, were released during development. The software was generally available to customers starting on September 4, 2012.

Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server 2012 has no support for Itanium-based computers, and has four editions. Various features were added or improved over Windows Server 2008 R2 (with many placing an emphasis on cloud computing), such as an updated version of Hyper-V, an IP address management role, a new version of Windows Task Manager, and ReFS, a new file system. Windows Server 2012 received generally good reviews in spite of having included the same controversial Metro-based user interface seen in Windows 8.

• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (HISTORY)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (FEATURES)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SCALABILITY)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (EDITIONS/VERSIONS)
• Changes introduced in WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

Changes introduced in WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

The current version Windows Server 2012 R2 was released on October 18, 2013. It was unveiled on June 3, 2013 at TechEd North America. According to Windows Server 2012 R2 datasheet published on May 31, 2013, there are four editions of this operating system: Foundation, Essentials, Standard and Datacenter. As with Windows Server 2012, the Datacenter and Standard editions are feature identical, varying only based on licensing (particularly licensing of virtual instances). The Essentials edition has the same features as the Datacenter and Standard products, with some restrictions.

Changes from Windows Server 2012
Microsoft has confirmed the following changes introduced by Windows Server 2012 R2:

• Automated Tiering: Storage Spaces stores most frequently accessed files on fastest physical media
• Deduplication for VHD: Reduces the storage space for VHD files with largely similar contents by storing the similar contents only once
• Windows PowerShell v4, which now includes a Desired State Configuration (DSC) feature
• Integrated Office 365 support (Essentials edition)
• Return of the Windows Start button
• UEFI-based virtual machines
• Upgrades from driver emulators to synthetic hardware drivers to minimize legacy support
• Faster VM deployment (approximately half the time)
• Internet Information Services 8.5: Support for logging to Event Tracing for Windows and the ability to log any request/response headers. To improve scalability, if IIS is configured with 100 or more web sites, by default it will not automatically start any of them. Alongside this, a new “Idle Worker Process Page-Out” configuration option has been added to application pools to instruct Windows to page-out the process if it has been idle for the idle time-out period (by default, 20 minutes).
• Server Message Block: Performance and event logging quality improvements, support for Hyper-V Live Migration over SMB, bandwidth prioritization management, and the ability to remove SMB 1.0 support
• Windows Deployment Services: Support for managing WDS via PowerShell.
• Windows Defender is available in a Server Core installation, and is installed and enabled by default.
• IP Address Management (IPAM): Extended to support role-based access control, allowing for fine-grained control over which users can view or change configurations for DHCP reservations, scopes, IP address blocks, DNS resource records, etc. Additionally, IPAM can integrate with System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2012 R2 to have coordinated IP policy across both physical and virtual environments. The IPAM database can be stored in a SQL Server instance instead of Windows Internal Database.
• Group Policy has a new “Policy Cache” setting which allows domain-joined machines to store a copy of the group policy settings on the client machine and, depending on the speed of access to the domain controller, use those at startup time instead of waiting for the policy settings to download. This can improve startup times on machines that are disconnected from the company network. New Group Policy settings have been added to cover new features in Windows 8.1 and Internet Explorer 11, such as enabling/disabling SPDY/3 support, configuring start screen layouts, and detecting phone numbers in web pages.
• TLS support is extended to support RFC 5077, “Transport Layer Security (TLS) Session Resumption without Server-Side State”, which improves performance of long-running TLS-secured connections that need to reconnect due to session expiration.

Also View :

• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (OVERVIEW)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (HISTORY)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (FEATURES)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SCALABILITY)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (EDITIONS/VERSIONS)

WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (EDITIONS/VERSIONS)

Editions/Versions

Windows Server 2012 has four editions: Foundation, Essentials, Standard and Datacenter.

Specifications	Foundation	Essentials	Standard	Datacenter
Distribution	OEM only	Retail, volume licensing, OEM	Retail, volume licensing, OEM	Volume licensing and OEM
Licensing model	Per server	Per server	Per CPU pair + CAL	Per CPU pair + CAL
Processor chip limit	1	2	64	64
Memory limit	32 GB	64 GB	4 TB	4 TB
User limit	15	25	Unlimited	Unlimited
File Services limits	1 standalone DFS root	1 standalone DFS root	Unlimited	Unlimited
Network Policy and Access Services limits	50 RRAS connections and 10 IAS connections	250 RRAS connections, 50 IAS connections, and 2 IAS Server Groups	Unlimited	Unlimited
Remote Desktop Services limits	50 Remote Desktop Services connections	Gateway only	Unlimited	Unlimited
Virtualization rights	N/A	Either in 1 VM or 1 physical server, but not both at once	2 VMs	Unlimited
DHCP role	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
DNS server role	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Fax server role	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
UDDI Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Print and Document Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Web Services (Internet Information Services)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Windows Deployment Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Windows Server Update Services	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Active Directory Rights Management Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Application server role	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Server Manager	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Windows Powershell	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Active Directory Domain Services	Must be root of forest and domain	Must be root of forest and domain	Yes	Yes
Active Directory Certificate Services	Certificate Authorities only	Certificate Authorities only	Yes	Yes
Active Directory Federation Services	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Server Core mode	No	No	Yes	Yes
Hyper-V	No	No	Yes	Yes

Also View :

• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (OVERVIEW)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (HISTORY)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (FEATURES)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SCALABILITY)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS)
• Changes introduced in WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS)

System requirements :

Windows Server 2012 runs only on x64 processors. Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server 2012 does not support Itanium.

Upgrades from Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 are supported, although upgrades from prior releases are not.

Minimum system requirements for Windows Server 2012

Processor	1.4 GHz, x64
Memory	512 MB
Free disk space	32 GB (more if there is 16 GB of RAM or more)

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• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (EDITIONS/VERSIONS)
• Changes introduced in WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SCALABILITY)

Scalability :

Windows Server 2012 supports the following maximum hardware specifications. Windows Server 2012 improves over its predecessor Windows Server 2008 R2:

Specification	Windows Server 2012	Windows Server 2008 R2
Physical processors	64	64
Logical processors when Hyper-V is disabled	640	256
Logical processors when Hyper-V is enabled	320	64
Memory	4 TB	2 TB
Failover cluster nodes (in any single cluster)	64	16

Also View :

• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (OVERVIEW)
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• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (EDITIONS/VERSIONS)
• Changes introduced in WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (FEATURES)

Features includes

Installation options
Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server 2012 can switch between “Server Core” and “Server with a GUI” installation options without a full reinstallation. Server Core – an option with a command-line interface only – is now the recommended configuration. There is also a third installation option that allows some GUI elements such as MMC and Server Manager to run, but without the normal desktop, shell or default programs like File Explorer.

User interface
Server Manager has been redesigned with an emphasis on easing management of multiple servers. The operating system, like Windows 8, uses the Metro-based user interface unless installed in Server Core mode. Windows Store is available in this version of Windows but is not installed by default. Windows PowerShell in this version has over 2300 commandlets, compared to around 200 in Windows Server 2008 R2.

Task Manager
Windows Server 2012 includes a new version of Windows Task Manager together with the old version.In the new version the tabs are hidden by default showing applications only. In the new Processes tab, the processes are displayed in varying shades of yellow, with darker shades representing heavier resource use. It lists application names and status, as well as CPU, memory, hard disk and network utilization. The process information found in the older versions are now moved to the new Details tab. The Performance tab shows “CPU”, “Memory”, “Disk”, “Wi-Fi” and “Ethernet” graphs. The CPU tab no longer displays individual graphs for every logical processor on the system by default; instead, it can display data for each NUMA node. When displaying data for each logical processor for machines with more than 64 logical processors, the CPU tab now displays simple utilization percentages on heat-mapping tiles. The color used for these heat maps is blue, with darker shades again indicating heavier utilization. Hovering the cursor over any logical processor’s data now shows the NUMA node of that processor and its ID, if applicable. Additionally, a new Startup tab has been added that lists startup applications, however this tab does not exist in Windows Server 2012. The new task manager recognizes when a Windows Store app has the “Suspended” status.

IP address management (IPAM)
Windows Server 2012 has an IP address management role for discovering, monitoring, auditing, and managing the IP address space used on a corporate network. The IPAM is used for the management and monitoring of Domain Name System (DNS) and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers. Both IPv4 and IPv6 are fully supported.

Active Directory
Windows Server 2012 has a number of changes to Active Directory from the version shipped with Windows Server 2008 R2. The Active Directory Domain Services installation wizard has been replaced by a new section in Server Manager, and a GUI has been added to the Active Directory Recycle Bin. Multiple password policies can be set in the same domain. Active Directory in Windows Server 2012 is now aware of any changes resulting from virtualization, and virtualized domain controllers can be safely cloned. Upgrades of the domain functional level to Windows Server 2012 are simplified; it can be performed entirely in Server Manager. Active Directory Federation Services is no longer required to be downloaded when installed as a role, and claims which can be used by the Active Directory Federation Services have been introduced into the Kerberos token. Windows Powershell commands used by Active Directory Administrative Center can be viewed in a “Powershell History Viewer”.

Hyper-V
Windows Server 2012, along with Windows 8, includes a new version of Hyper-V, as presented at the Microsoft BUILD event. Many new features have been added to Hyper-V, including network virtualization, multi-tenancy, storage resource pools, cross-premise connectivity, and cloud backup. Additionally, many of the former restrictions on resource consumption have been greatly lifted. Each virtual machine in this version of Hyper-V can access up to 64 virtual processors, up to 1 terabyte of memory, and up to 64 terabytes of virtual disk space per virtual hard disk (using a new .vhdx format). Up to 1024 virtual machines can be active per host, and up to 8000 can be active per failover cluster. SLAT is a required processor feature for Hyper-V on Windows 8, while for Windows Server 2012 it is only required for the supplementary RemoteFX role.

ReFS
Resilient File System (ReFS), codenamed “Protogon”, is a new file system in Windows Server 2012 initially intended for file servers that improves on NTFS in some respects. Major new features of ReFS include:

Improved reliability for on-disk structures
ReFS uses B+ trees for all on-disk structures including metadata and file data. Metadata and file data are organized into tables similar to a relational database. The file size, number of files in a folder, total volume size and number of folders in a volume are limited by 64-bit numbers; as a result ReFS supports a maximum file size of 16 Exabytes, a maximum of 18.4 × 1018 folders and a maximum volume size of 1 Yottabyte (with 64 KB clusters) which allows large scalability with no practical limits on file and folder size (hardware restrictions still apply). Free space is counted by a hierarchical allocator which includes three separate tables for large, medium, and small chunks. File names and file paths are each limited to a 32 KB Unicode text string.

Built-in resilience
ReFS employs an allocation-on-write update strategy for metadata, which allocates new chunks for every update transaction and uses large IO batches. All ReFS metadata has built-in 64-bit checksums which are stored independently. The file data can have an optional checksum in a separate “integrity stream”, in which case the file update strategy also implements allocation-on-write; this is controlled by a new “integrity” attribute applicable to both files and directories. If nevertheless file data or metadata becomes corrupt, the file can be deleted without taking down the whole volume offline for maintenance, then restored from the backup. As a result of built-in resiliency, administrators do not need to periodically run error-checking tools such as CHKDSK when using ReFS.

Compatibility with existing APIs and technologies
ReFS does not require new system APIs and most file system filters continue to work with ReFS volumes. ReFS supports many existing Windows and NTFS features such as BitLocker encryption, Access Control Lists, USN Journal, change notifications, symbolic links, junction points, mount points, reparse points, volume snapshots, file IDs, and oplock. ReFS seamlessly integrates with Storage Spaces, a storage virtualization layer that allows data mirroring and striping, as well as sharing storage pools between machines. ReFS resiliency features enhance the mirroring feature provided by Storage Spaces and can detect whether any mirrored copies of files become corrupt using background data scrubbing process, which periodically reads all mirror copies and verifies their checksums then replaces bad copies with good ones.
Some NTFS features are not supported in ReFS, including named streams, object IDs, short names, file compression, file level encryption (EFS), user data transactions, hard links, extended attributes, and disk quotas. Sparse files was not supported by Preview, but it is supported by RTM. ReFS does not itself offer data deduplication. Dynamic disks with mirrored or striped volumes are replaced with mirrored or striped storage pools provided by Storage Spaces. However, in Windows Server 2012, automated error-correction is only supported on mirrored spaces, and booting from ReFS is not supported either.

IIS 8.0
Windows Server 2012 includes version 8.0 of Internet Information Services (IIS). The new version contains new features such as SNI, CPU usage caps for particular websites, centralized management of SSL certificates, WebSocket support and improved support for NUMA, but few other substantial changes were made.

Also View :

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• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (EDITIONS/VERSIONS)
• Changes introduced in WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2

Windows Server 2012 and R2 (History)

Some History for Windows Server 2012, codenamed “Windows Server 8”, is the sixth release of Windows Server family of operating systems developed concurrently with Windows 8. It was not until April 17, 2012 that the company announced that the final product name would be “Windows Server 2012”.

Microsoft introduced Windows Server 2012 and its developer preview in the BUILD 2011 conference on September 9, 2011. However, unlike Windows 8, the developer preview of Windows Server 2012 was only made available to MSDN subscribers. It included a graphical user interface (GUI) based on Metro design language and a new Server Manager, a graphical application used for server management. On February 16, 2012, Microsoft released an update for developer preview build that extended its expiry date from April 8, 2012 to January 15, 2013.

Before Windows Server 2012 was finalized, two test builds were made public. A public beta version of Windows Server 2012 was released along with the Windows 8 Consumer Preview on February 29, 2012. The release candidate of Windows Server 2012 was released on May 31, 2012, along with the Windows 8 Release Preview.

The product was released to manufacturing on August 1, 2012 and became generally available on September 4, 2012. However, not all editions of Windows Server 2012 were released at the same time. Windows Server 2012 Essentials was released to manufacturing on October 9, 2012 and was made generally available on November 1, 2012. As of September 23, 2012, all students subscribed to DreamSpark program can download Windows Server 2012 Standard or Datacenter free of charge.

Also View :

• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (OVERVIEW)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (FEATURES)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SCALABILITY)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS)
• View WINDOWS SERVER 2012 AND R2 (EDITIONS/VERSIONS)
• Changes introduced in WINDOWS SERVER 2012 R2